Helen Shapiro is assistant professor at the Harvard Business School. Her dissertation, “State Intervention and Industrialization: The Orpins of the Brazilian Automotive Industry” (Yale, 1988), was awarded the 1989 Herman E. Krooss Prize of the Business History Conference for the best dissertation in business history; a revised version will be published by Cambridge University Press. She recently published, with Lance Taylor, “The State and Industrial Strategy,” World Development (1990), and “ Determinants of Firm Entry into the Brazilian Automobile Industry, 1956–1968” is forthcoming in the Business History Review. She is currently studying the impact of globalization on the Brazilian and Mexican automotive industries.