Microscopy and Microanalysis

Table of Contents - 2010 - Volume 16, Issue 05  

STEM Development and Applications

Microfluidic System for Transmission Electron Microscopy

Elisabeth A. Ringa1 and Niels de Jongea1a2 c1

a1 Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232-0615, USA

a2 Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA

Abstract

We present a microfluidic system that maintains liquid flow in a specimen chamber for scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) imaging. The specimen chamber consists of two ultrathin silicon nitride windows supported by silicon microchips. They are placed in a specimen holder that seals the sample from the vacuum in the electron microscope and incorporates tubing to and from the sample connected to a syringe pump outside the microscope. Using results obtained from fluorescence microscopy of microspheres flowing through the system, an equation to characterize the liquid flow through the system was calibrated. Gold nanoparticles of diameters of 30 and 100 nm moving in liquid were imaged with a 200 kV STEM. It was concluded that despite strong influences from Brownian motion, and sensitivity to small changes in the depth of the bypass channel, the electron microscopy flow data matched the calculated flow speed within an order of magnitude. The system allows for rapid (within a minute) liquid exchange, which can potentially be used, for example, to investigate the response of specimens, e.g., eukaryotic or bacterial cells, to certain stimuli.

(Received February 26 2010)

(Accepted April 24 2010)

Key words

Correspondence:

c1 Corresponding author. E-mail: niels.de.jonge@vanderbilt.edu