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The incidence, field performance and heritability of non-dormant seeds in white clover (Trifolium repens L.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2010

Bram D'hondt ,
Rein Brys  and
Maurice Hoffmann
Bram D'hondt*
Affiliation:
Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Rein Brys
Affiliation:
Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biodiversity and Natural Environment, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium
Maurice Hoffmann
Affiliation:
Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biodiversity and Natural Environment, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium
*
*Correspondence Fax: +32(0)92648794 Email: b.dhondt@ugent.be
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Abstract

Mature seeds of many legume species are normally characterized by water-impermeable seed coats, a form of physical dormancy. However, observations have suggested that the incidence of mature but permeable (non-dormant) seeds is sometimes substantial. Yet, the ecological processes associated with this non-dormancy have received little attention by plant ecologists. In white clover (Trifolium repens), we therefore studied: (1) the occurrence of initially permeable seeds in wild populations; (2) the relative performance of non-dormant and dormant seeds in plant establishment and reproduction in a field-sown experiment; and (3) the extent to which the trait is affected by humidity and plant genotype in a greenhouse experiment. No less than 35% of all viable seeds from the wild populations proved to be water permeable at maturity. The proportion of permeable seeds within inflorescences ranged from 0 to 100%. In the field-sown experiment, autumn-germinated non-dormant seeds had almost equally good chances of establishing as spring-germinated dormant seeds. Due to a marked head start in growth, the former yielded more flowers (and thus seeds) in the first flowering season. However, the greenhouse experiment proved that variation in the proportion of permeable seed between inflorescences represented a plastic response to humidity conditions during seed ripening, rather than variation among clones (broad-sense heritability ≤ 0.025). Thus the trait is not easily subject to selection.

Keywords

clonal repeatabilityFabaceaegenotype by environmentgerminationhardseedednesssoftseedednesswater impermeability
Type
Research Article
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 20 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 169 - 177
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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