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Deviations from Put-Call Parity and Stock Return Predictability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 February 2010

Martijn Cremers  and
David Weinbaum
Martijn Cremers
Affiliation:
School of Management, Yale University, Box 20820, New Haven, CT 06520. martijn.cremers@yale.edu
David Weinbaum
Affiliation:
Whitman School of Management, Syracuse University, 721 University Ave., Syracuse, NY 13244. dweinbau@syr.edu
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Abstract

Deviations from put-call parity contain information about future stock returns. Using the difference in implied volatility between pairs of call and put options to measure these deviations, we find that stocks with relatively expensive calls outperform stocks with relatively expensive puts by 50 basis points per week. We find both positive abnormal performance in stocks with relatively expensive calls and negative abnormal performance in stocks with relatively expensive puts, which cannot be explained by short sale constraints. Rebate rates from the stock lending market directly confirm that our findings are not driven by stocks that are hard to borrow. The degree of predictability is larger when option liquidity is high and stock liquidity low, while there is little predictability when the opposite is true. Controlling for size, option prices are more likely to deviate from strict put-call parity when underlying stocks face more information risk. The degree of predictability decreases over the sample period. Our results are consistent with mispricing during the earlier years of the study, with a gradual reduction of the mispricing over time.

Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis , Volume 45 , Issue 2 , April 2010 , pp. 335 - 367
Copyright
Copyright © Michael G. Foster School of Business, University of Washington 2010

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