Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-42gr6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T13:41:52.528Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Dialect change?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2009

Jenny Nilsson*
Affiliation:
Institutet för språk och folkminnen, Dialektavdelningen, Vallgatan 22, 411 16 Göteborg, Sweden. Jenny.Nilsson@sofi.se
Get access

Abstract

The project Dialect Levelling in West Sweden focuses on the dialect situation in the first decade of the 21st century compared with the dialects spoken in the same region in the 1940s–1960s. Seventy teenagers participating in group interviews have been recorded and their use of phonological and morphological variables has been analysed. Comparisons with data recorded in the same region by The Institute of Language and Folklore in 1940–1960 show that dialect levelling is under way. It seems that the population of this area no longer speak a traditional dialect. An important issue, however, is how much the traditional dialects have actually changed, and to what extent the method for collecting data affects the answer. In the mid-20th century, the praxis within Swedish dialectology for selecting informants was to find as old and rural dialect speakers as possible to represent a specific region, and the purpose was that of documenting the dialect as a linguistic system. Today, however, many studies select informants based on speaker variables, because the aim is to document the dialect situation (i.e. who uses what linguistic variants when), rather than the traditional dialect as a linguistic system. Thus, there is a distinct difference between a linguistic interest and a sociolinguistic one. In this paper I suggest that it is critical when discussing dialect change to observe this very methodological change. In order to illustrate this, the use of dialect variants by two informants recorded in 1948 is compared with the use of dialect variants by three informants recorded in 2007 and 2008. The informants are all from around a small rural village located approximately 70 km from Gothenburg in West Sweden. This is an area where a specific variety of West Swedish has been spoken. By comparing these individuals, the concept of dialect change is problematized.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Nordic Association of Linguistics 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Akselberg, Gunnstein, Bødal, Ann Marit & Sandøy, Helge (eds.). 2003. Nordisk dialektologi. Oslo: Novus forlag.Google Scholar
Auer, Peter. 2000. Processes of horizontal and vertical convergence in present day Germany. Målbrytning 4, 926. [Bergen: Nordisk institutt, Universitetet i Bergen]Google Scholar
Bailey, Guy. 2002. Real and apparent time. In Chambers, J. K., Trudgill, Peter & Schilling-Estes, Natalie (eds.), The Handbook of Language Variation and Change, 312331. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Bockgård, Gustav. Forthcoming. Skapandet av den ideala dialektinspelningen. To appear in Magnusson & Rogström (eds.).Google Scholar
Britain, David. Forthcoming a. Language and space: The variationist approach. To appear in Auer, Peter (ed.), Language and Space: An International Handbook of Linguistic Variation Theories and Methods. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Britain, David. Forthcoming b. Conceptualisations of geographic space in linguistics. To appear in Lameli, Alfred, Kehrein, Roland & Rabanus, Stefan (eds.), The Handbook of Language Mapping. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Chambers, J. K. & Trudgill, Peter. 1998. Dialectology, 2nd edn.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [First edition in 1980]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edlund, Lars-Erik. 2003. Det svenska språklandskapet. De regionala språken och deras ställning idag – och i morgon. In Akselberg et al. (eds.), 11–50.Google Scholar
Götlind, Johan. 1940–1947. Västergötlands folkmål, vols. 1–3. Uppsala: A.-B. Lundequistska bokhandeln.Google Scholar
Grönberg, Anna Gunnarsdotter. 2004. Ungdomar och dialekt i Alingsås (Nordistica Gothoburgensia 27). Göteborg: Univerity of Gothenburg.Google Scholar
Helgander, John. 1994. Dalmålen i upplösning – Bakgrund och förklaringsmodeller. In Kotsinas, Ulla-Britt & Helgander, John (eds.), Dialektkontakt, språkkontakt och språkförändring i Norden. Föredrag från ett forskarsymposium, MINS 40, 6380. Stockholm: Stockholms universitet.Google Scholar
Helgander, John. 1996. Mobilitet och språkförändring. Exemplet Övre Dalarna och det vidare perspektivet. Falun: Högskolan Dalarna.Google Scholar
Ivars, Ann-Marie. 2003. Lokalt och regional i svenskan i Finland. Tendenser i språkutvecklingen i norr och söder. In Akselberg et al. (eds.), 51–81.Google Scholar
Kristiansen, Tore. 2004. Social meaning and norm-ideals for speech in a Danish community. In Jaworski, Adam, Coupland, Nikolas & Galasinski, Dariusz (eds.), Metalanguage: Social and Ideological Perspectives, 167192. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landtmansson, Samuel. 1947–1950. Västergötlands folkmål, vols. 3–4. Uppsala: A.-B. Lundequistska bokhandeln.Google Scholar
Landtmansson, Samuel. 1952. Västgötamålet. Uppsala: Appelbergs boktryckeri AB.Google Scholar
Lilja, Agneta. 1996. Föreställningen om den ideala uppteckningen. En studie av idé och praktik vid traditionsinsamlande arkiv – ett exempel från Uppsala 1914–1945. Uppsala: Dialekt- och folkminnesarkivet i Uppsala.Google Scholar
Magnusson, Erik & Rogström, Lena (eds.). Forthcoming. Studier i svensk språkhistoria 10. Språkhistoria – Hur och för vem? (Meijerbergs arkiv för svensk ordforskning 36). Göteborg: Institutionen för svenska språket.Google Scholar
Malmberg, Bertil. 1962. Nya vägar inom språkforskningen. Stockholm: Svenska Bokförlaget/Norstedts.Google Scholar
Nilsson, Jenny. Forthcoming a. Dialektförändring eller metodförändring? To apperar in Magnusson & Rogström (eds.).Google Scholar
Nilsson, Jenny. Forthcoming b. Vad kan samtalsanalysen göra för dialektologin? To appear in Svenskans Beskrivning 30. [Stockholm: Institutionen för nordiska språk]Google Scholar
Nordberg, Bengt. 1972. Böjningen av neutrala substantiv i Eskilstunaspråket. Nysvenska studier 51, 117227.Google Scholar
Nordberg, Bengt. 1985. Det mångskiftande språket. Om variation i nusvenskan (Ord och Stil 14; Språkvårdssamfundets skrifter). Malmö: Liber Förlag.Google Scholar
Pedersen, Inge Lise. 2003. Traditional dialects of Danish and the de-dialectalization 1900–2000. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 159 (special issue: The Sociolinguistics of Danish), 928.Google Scholar
Pedersen, Inge Lise. 2005. Processes of standardisation in Scandinavia. In Auer, Peter, Hinskens, Frans & Kerswill, Paul (eds.), Dialect change: Convergence and Divergence in European Languages, 171195. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Røyneland, Unn. 2005. Dialektnivellering, ungdom och identitet. Ein komparativ studie av språkleg variasjon og endring i to tilgrensande dialektområden, Røros og Tynset (Acta Humaniora 231). Oslo: Universitetet i Oslo.Google Scholar
Røyneland, Unn. 2009. Dialects in Norway? Catching up with the rest of Europe? International Journal of the Sociology of Language 196/197, 730.Google Scholar
Sandøy, Helge. 2004. Types of society and language change in the Nordic countries. In Gunnarsson, Britt-Louise, Bergström, Lena, Eklund, Gerd, Fridell, Staffan, Hansen, Lise H., Karstadt, Angela, Nordberg, Bengt, Sundgren, Eva & Thelander, Mats (eds.), Language Variation in Europe: The Second Interantional Conference on Language Variation in Europe (ICLaVE 2, Uppsala University, Sweden, June 12–14, 2003), 5376. Uppsala: Institutionen för nordiska språk vid Uppsala universitet.Google Scholar
Sundgren, Eva. 2002. Återbesök i Eskilstuna. En undersökning av morfologisk variation och förändring i nutida talspråk. Uppsala: Institutionen för nordiska språk vid Uppsala universitet.Google Scholar
Svahn, Margareta. 2003. Dialektbegreppet – ett diskussionsinlägg. In Akselberg et al. (eds.), 503–513.Google Scholar
Svahn, Margareta. 2007. Språkhistoria och kön. In Gunnarsson, Britt-Louise, Entzenberg, Sonja & Ohlsson, Maria (eds.), Språk och kön i nutida och historiskt perspektiv. Studier presenterade vid Den sjätte nordiska konferensen om språk och kön, Uppsala 6–7 oktober 2006, 5770. Uppsala: Institutionen för nordiska språk vid Uppsala universitet.Google Scholar
Svahn, Margareta, Grönberg, Anna, Nilsson, Jenny & Ottesjö, Cajsa. 2006. Dialektutjämning i Västsverige. Ms., Institutet för språk och folkminnen. [Project plan]Google Scholar
Thelander, Mats. 1979. Språkliga variationsmodeller tillämpade på nutida Burträsktal, vols. 1–2. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis.Google Scholar