23 April 2024: We are investigating problems with ecommerce on Cambridge Core. We apologise for any inconvenience and hope to have full functionality restored shortly.
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
One of the things that makes Hegel hard to understand is the difficulty of identifying the problems and questions to which he was responding, at least in a form in which we can appreciate them. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, he was involved in the intellectual life of his time, and many of the themes which engaged him have now lost their urgency. Secondly, because he wanted to connect every topic into a single, coherent system, and because the transition from one topic to the next usually depends on some problem which cannot be solved unless the transition is made, some of the problems he unearths seem fairly insubstantial. Finally, his desire to philosophize without making any presuppositions means that he is reluctant to state the problems which he is trying to solve in advance. Any problem involves presuppositions, both of facts and about the meaning and coherence of the words or concepts used in stating it. Problems arise within Hegel's system, therefore, and they do so in a guise appropriate to their context. To some extent, the appreciation of the problems presupposes an understanding of the system.
1 E.g. Enz, I, i (W. 3)Google Scholar; Wiss. Log. I, 65ff.Google Scholar (M. 67ff.). References are to the following German editions and English translations of works by Hegel, : Enzyklopädie der philosophischen Wissenschaften, Moldenhauer, E. and Michel, K. M. (eds) (Frankfurt am Main, 1970): I.Google Scholar Die Wissenschaft der Logik [Enz. I]Google Scholar (Hegel's Logic, trans. Wallace, W. (Oxford, 1975)Google Scholar3 [W.]); III. Die Philosophic des Geistes [Enz. III] (Hegel's Philosophy of Mind, trans. Wallace, W. and Miller, A. V. (Oxford, 1971)Google Scholar [W.]). Wissenschaft der Logik, Moldenhauer, E. and Michel, K. M. (eds), 2 vols. (Frankfurt am Main, 1969)Google Scholar [Wiss. Log.] (Hegel's Science of Logic, trans. Miller, A. V. (London, 1969) [M.])Google Scholar. Phänomenologie des Geistes, Hoffmeister, J. (ed.) (Hamburg, 1952)Google Scholar [P.G.] (Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit, trans. Miller, A. V. (Oxford, 1977)Google Scholar [M.], Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts Lasson, G. (ed) (Leipzig, 1921)2 [P.R.]Google Scholar (Philosophy of Right, trans. Knox, T. M. (Oxford, 1952) [K.]).Google Scholar
2 P.G. 133ff. (M. 104E); Miller, A. V. (Oxford, 1977) [M.]).Google Scholar Grundlinien Enz. III, 213ff. (W. 165ff.).Google Scholar
3 P.G. 139f. (M. 109f.); Enz. III, 215f. (W. 167f.).Google Scholar
4 Enz. III, 189ff. (W. 145f.).Google Scholar
5 P.G. 140ff. (M. 110ff.); Enz. III, 219ff. (W. 170ff.).Google Scholar
6 P.G. 133ff. (M. 104f.); Enz. III, 213ff. (W. 165ff.).Google Scholar
7 P.G. 175ff. (M. 139ff.).
8 Fichtes Werke, II, Fichte, I. H. (ed.) (Berlin, 1845/1846), 169ff.Google Scholar (The Vocation of Man, by Fichte, J. G., Chisholm, R. M. (ed.) (New York, 1956), 5ff.).Google Scholar
9 P.G. 87f. (M. 65); P.R. 54 (K. 41f.); P.R. 298 (K. 236).
10 P.G. 180ff. (M. 144f.); Enz. I, 119 (W. 70f.).Google Scholar
11 P.G. 183ff. (M. 145ff.). Cf. n. 9.
12 Enz. III, 23 (W. 13).Google Scholar
13 P.G. 139 (M. 109); Enz. III, 215 (W. 167).Google Scholar
14 Cf. P.G. 438f. (M. 378); Enz. I, 386f. (W. 291).Google Scholar
15 P.R. 287 (K. 227).
16 Wiss. Log. II, 451ff. (M. 745ff.).Google Scholar
17 P.G. 191f. (M. 152f.).
18 Enz. III, 238f. (W. 186f.).Google Scholar
19 Ibid.
20 P.G. 370f.(M. 315f.).
21 Wiss. Log. II, 498ff.Google Scholar (M. 783ff.); Enz. I, 378ff. (W. 283ff.).Google Scholar
22 Cf. ‘Truth and Self-satisfaction’, by Solomon, Robert C., in The Review of Metaphysics XXVIII, No. 4 (06 1975), 698ff.Google Scholar
23 E.g. Enz. III, 317ff. (W. 253ff.).Google Scholar
24 P.R. 293f. (K. 232f.); Enz. I, 115f. (W. 67f.).Google Scholar
25 Enz. III, 237 (W. 185).Google Scholar
26 Enz. III, 166f. (W. 127).Google Scholar
27 Enz. III, 237 (W. 185).Google Scholar
28 P.R. 285 (K, 225f.); Enz. III, 199f. (W. 153 f.).Google Scholar
29 P.R. 68 (K. 53). Cf. P.R. 27 (K. 20).
30 Cf. Putnam, H., in Mathematics, Matter and Method (Cambridge, 1975), 222f.Google Scholar: ‘Of [certain meta-scientific terms, for example, “science” itself] we might say … that they are not defined in advance—rather science itself tells us (with many changes of opinion) what the scope of “science” is, or of an individual science, for example, chemistry, what an “object” is, what “physical magnitudes” are’.
31 Wiss. Log. II, 225f.Google Scholar (M. 560f.); Enz. I, 297f. (W. 215f.).Google Scholar
32 Wiss. Log. II, 227ff.Google Scholar (M. 561ff.); Enz. III, 52ff. (W. 36ff.).Google Scholar
33 Wiss. Log. II, 82f. (M. 446f.).Google Scholar
34 P.G. 239ff. (M. 196ff.).
35 Enz. III, 43ff. (W. 29f.).Google Scholar
36 Enz. III, 143 (W. 109).Google Scholar
37 P.G. 223ff. (M. 182ff.).
38 P.G. 226f. (M. 184f.).
39 Cf. Malcolm, N., in The Mind/Brain Identity Theory, Borst, C. V. (ed.) (London, 1970), 176ff.Google Scholar
40 E.g. P.R. 28f. (K. 21f.).
41 P.R. 29f. (K.22f.).
42 P.R. 28f. (K.29); P.R. 287f. (K. 227f.).
43 P.R. 35f. (K. 27f.).
44 Ibid.
45 E.g. Enz. III, 299 (W. 237f.).Google Scholar
46 E.g. P.R. 39 (K. 30f.).
47 P.R. 291 (K. 230).
48 E.g. P.R. 38f. (K 29f.).
49 E.g. P.R. 293 (K. 232).
50 P.G. 301ff., 423ff. (M. 252ff., 364ff.); P.R. 95ff. (K. 75ff.); Enz. III, 312ff. (W. 249ff.).Google Scholar
51 P.R. 131ff. (K. 103ff.); Enz. III 317ff.Google Scholar (W. 253ff.). Hegel distinguishes this conception, Sittlichkeit, from Moralität.
52 E.g. Enz. II, 303ff. (W. 241f.).Google Scholar
53 P.R. 135ff. (K. 107f.); Enz. III, 296f. (W. 235f.).Google Scholar
54 P.R. 154ff. (K. 122ff.); Enz. III, 321ff. (W. 257f.).Google Scholar
55 Enz. III, 288f. (W. 228).Google Scholar
56 Enz. III, 23f. (W. 13).Google Scholar
57 Wiss. Log. I, 1445.Google Scholar (M. 133ff.); Enz. I, 386f.Google Scholar (W. 291). Cf. n. 50.
58 E.g. Enz. III, 23f. (W. 13)Google Scholar; Enz. III, 303f. (W. 241f.).Google Scholar
59 P.R. 6ff. (K. 4ff.).
60 P.R. 15 (K. 11); Enz. III. 23f. (W. 13).Google Scholar
61 Enz. III, 85f. (W. 63f.).Google Scholar
