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The Evolution of Ultrafast Electron Microscope Instrumentation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 July 2009

B.W. Reed ,
M.R. Armstrong ,
N.D. Browning ,
G.H. Campbell ,
J.E. Evans ,
T. LaGrange  and
D.J. Masiel
B.W. Reed*
Affiliation:
Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
M.R. Armstrong
Affiliation:
Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
N.D. Browning
Affiliation:
Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
G.H. Campbell
Affiliation:
Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
J.E. Evans
Affiliation:
Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
T. LaGrange
Affiliation:
Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
D.J. Masiel
Affiliation:
Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
*
Corresponding author. E-mail: reed12@llnl.gov
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Abstract

Extrapolating from a brief survey of the literature, we outline a vision for the future development of time-resolved electron probe instruments that could offer levels of performance and flexibility that push the limits of physical possibility. This includes a discussion of the electron beam parameters (brightness and emittance) that limit performance, the identification of a dimensionless invariant figure of merit for pulsed electron guns (the number of electrons per lateral coherence area, per pulse), and calculations of how this figure of merit determines the trade-off of spatial against temporal resolution for different imaging modes. Modern photonics' ability to control its fundamental particles at the quantum level, while enjoying extreme flexibility and a very large variety of operating modes, is held up as an example and a goal. We argue that this goal may be approached by combining ideas already in the literature, suggesting the need for large-scale collaborative development of next-generation time-resolved instruments.

Keywords

transmission electron microscopyin situ electron microscopydynamic transmission electron microscopyultrafast transmission electron microscopytime resolutioncoherence
Type
Special Section: Ultrafast Electron Microscopy
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 15 , Issue 4 , August 2009 , pp. 272 - 281
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2009

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References

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