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A regional food-frequency questionnaire for the US Mississippi Delta

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Katherine L Tucker*
Affiliation:
Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture (USDA)Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
Janice Maras
Affiliation:
Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture (USDA)Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
Catherine Champagne
Affiliation:
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Carol Connell
Affiliation:
University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
Susan Goolsby
Affiliation:
Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA
Judith Weber
Affiliation:
Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA
Sahar Zaghloul
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR, USA
Teresa Carithers
Affiliation:
The Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, MS, USA
Margaret L Bogle
Affiliation:
USDA Agricultural Research Service, Little Rock, AR, USA
*
*Corresponding author: Email katherine.tucker@tufts.edu
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Abstract

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Objective

To describe food sources of nutrient intake for white and African American adults in the Lower Mississippi Delta (LMD), and their use in the development of a regional food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) based on an earlier version of the National Cancer Institute's Health Habits and History Questionnaire.

Design

We ranked food sources of energy, macronutrients, vitamins and minerals, and examined portion size distributions for 842 white and 857 African American residents aged 19 years and older, using 24-hour dietary intake recall data from a telephone survey of 36 LMD counties. These values were used to develop a regional FFQ, which was then field-tested with 100 subjects and revised to improve interpretability.

Setting

The LMD region of the USA.

Subjects

White and African American adult residents of the LMD.

Results

LMD African Americans obtained more of their energy and nutrient intakes from poultry, processed meat, salty snacks, fruit drinks, pork and cornbread; and less from milk, alcohol, legumes, salad dressing, butter/margarine and sweetened tea than did white residents. Regional foods not on nationally used FFQs included grits, turnip greens, okra, ham hocks, chitterlings, crawfish, catfish, cracklings, jambalaya, potato logs, chicken and dumplings, and sweet potato pie. Based on responses during field-testing, the questionnaire was also designed to add four portion sizes for each food item, presented as questions, rather than in grid format.

Conclusions

Regional food use patterns differ from national patterns and furthermore differ between African American and white adults in the LMD. The resulting Delta NIRI FFQ for Adults should contribute to improved assessment of usual intake for use in studies of diet and health in this region.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © CABI Publishing 2005

Footnotes

University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.

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