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The role of intrinsic magnetic fields in planetary evolution and habitability: the planetary protection aspect

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 November 2008

Maxim L. Khodachenko ,
H. Lammer ,
H. I. M. Lichtenegger ,
J.-M. Grießmeier ,
M. Holmström  and
A. Ekenbäck
Maxim L. Khodachenko
Affiliation:
Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria email: maxim.khodachenko@oeaw.ac.at
H. Lammer
Affiliation:
Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria email: maxim.khodachenko@oeaw.ac.at
H. I. M. Lichtenegger
Affiliation:
Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria email: maxim.khodachenko@oeaw.ac.at
J.-M. Grießmeier
Affiliation:
ASTRON, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands email: griessmeier@astron.nl
M. Holmström
Affiliation:
Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden email: matsh@irf.se
A. Ekenbäck
Affiliation:
Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden email: matsh@irf.se
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Abstract

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The widely used definition of a habitable zone (HZ) for planets as a circumstellar area, where the star's luminosity is sufficiently intense to maintain liquid water at the surface of a planet, is shown to be too simplified. The role of a host star's activity and the intrinsic magnetic field of a planet with respect to their influence on mass loss processes of close-in gas giants and a definition of a HZ for the terrestrial-type exoplanets are discussed. The stellar X-ray/EUV radiation and the stellar wind result in ionization, heating, chemical modification, and slow erosion of the planetary upper atmospheres throughout their lifetime. The closer the planet is to the star, the more efficient are these processes, and therefore, the more important becomes the magnetic protection of a planet as a potential habitat. Different ways for planetary magnetic dipole moment estimation, based on existing magnetic dynamo scaling laws as well as on the recent measurements of hot atomic hydrogen clouds around close-in ‘Hot Jupiters’ are considered, and the predictions of these estimations are compared to each other.

Keywords

Astrobiology – magnetic fields – plasmas – molecular processes – atmospheric effects – stars: planetary systems – stars: winds – stars: activity
Type
Contributed Papers
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 4 , Symposium S259: Cosmic Magnetic Fields: From Planets, to Stars and Galaxies , November 2008 , pp. 283 - 294
Copyright
Copyright © International Astronomical Union 2009

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