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National revivals and violence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2009

David D. Laitin
David D. Laitin
Affiliation:
University of Chicago, (Chicago).
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Abstract

Micro factors that induce violent confrontations amidst national revival movements are identified. These factors include the nature of local social structures, tipping phenomena, and fortuitous events that set off action/reaction cycles. They are shown to he better explanations than reigning macro theories to account for the peaceful nationalist revival in Catalonia in contrast to the violent one in the Basque Country. A robustness test for the micro factors succeeds in differentiating levels of violence in the politics of separation from the Soviet Union in the Ukraine and Georgia.

On recherche dans les mouvements nationalises les microfacteurs de confrontations violentes. Ces fecteurs comprennent la nature même des structures sociales locales, les situations de basculement et les événements fortuits qui déclenchent des cycles action/réaction. Ils expliquent mieux que les macro-théories dominantes le contraste entre un mouvement nationaliste, pacifique en Catalogne et violent au Pays basque. Un test de robustesse de l'explication par les microfacteurs est donné par la différence des niveaux de violence entre les mouvements séparatistes d'Ukraine et ceux de Géorgie.

Es werden diejenigen Mikrofaktoren nationaler Bewegungen herausgearbeitet, die gewalttätige Auseinandersetzungen hervorrufen können. Diese Faktoren beinhalten sowohl die Beschaffenheit der lokalen Sozialstrukturen, als auch Umbruchsituationen und unvorhergesehene Ereignisse, die Aktions/Reaktionszyklen auslösen. Sie erklären besser als die allgemein anerkannten Makrotheorien den Unterschied zwischen der nationalistischen, aber pazifistischen Bewegung Kataloniens und jener gewalttätigen des Baskenlandes. Die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Aussagekraft dieser Mikrofaktoren wird anhand eines Vergleichs zwischen den verschiedenen Gewaltstufen der Autonomiebewegungen der Ukraine und Georgiens getestet.

Type
Research Article
Information
European Journal of Sociology / Archives Européennes de Sociologie , Volume 36 , Issue 1 , May 1995 , pp. 3 - 43
Copyright
Copyright © Archives Européenes de Sociology 1995

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