Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-m8qmq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T12:09:37.147Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Xanthine oxidase/dehydrogenase in mammary gland of mouse: relationship to mammogenesis and lactogenesis in vivo and in vitro

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

Thomas J. Hayden ,
Denise Brennan ,
Katherine Quirke  and
Paddie Murphy
Thomas J. Hayden
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Irish Republic
Denise Brennan
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Irish Republic
Katherine Quirke
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Irish Republic
Paddie Murphy
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Irish Republic
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Xanthine oxidase/dehydrogenase (XO/XDH) increases at mid gestation in mammary gland but not in liver of the mouse and remains elevated until the pups are weaned at 20 d post partum. The increase in enzyme activity is due neither to alteration in activators or inhibitors nor to a production of a variant enzyme with altered catalytic properties. The increase is preceded in vivo by a surge of prolactin-like activity (placental lactogen) in plasma, and prolactin is required for induction of XO/XDH in explant culture in vitro. Induction of XO/XDH in vivo and in vitro precedes the full histological differentiation of the gland. In addition, induction of XO/XDH in vitro occurs more rapidly and at lower concentrations of prolactin than does histological differentiation. Thus although XO/XDH is present in milk, increased XO/XDH activity is an early event in mammogenesis in vivo and in vitro rather than a terminal component of differentiation.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 58 , Issue 4 , November 1991 , pp. 401 - 409
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Barnawell, E. B. 1965 A comparative study of the responses of mammary tissues from several mammalian species to hormones in vitro. Journal of Experimental Zoology 160 189–206Google Scholar
Bradford, M. Al. 1976 A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein dye-binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72 248–254CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burton, K. 1956 A study of the conditions and mechanism of the diphenylamine reaction for the colorimetric estimation of deoxyribonucleic acid. Biochemical Journal 62 315–323Google Scholar
Coughlan, M. P. 1980 Aldehyde oxidases, xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase: hydroxylases containing molybdenum, iron-sulphur and flavin. Molybdenum and Molybdenum-containing Enzymes, pp. 119–185. Oxford: Pergamon PressGoogle Scholar
Davis, B. J. 1964 Disc electrophoresis. II. Method and application to human serum proteins. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 121 404–427CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dhont, J.-L., Delcroix, M. & Farriaux, J.-P. 1982 Unconjugated pteridines in human milk. Clinica Chimica Acta 121 33–35CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dils, R. & Forsyth, I. A. 1981 Preparation and culture of mammary gland explants. Methods in Enzymology 72 724–742CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Downs, S. M., Coleman, D. L., Ward-Bailey, P. F. & Eppig, J. J. 1985 Hypoxanthine is the principal inhibitor of murine oocyte maturation in a low molecular weight fraction of porcine follicular fluid. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 82 454–458Google Scholar
Feinstein, R. N. & Lindahl, R. 1973 Detection of oxidases on polyacrylamide gels. Analytical Biochemistry 56 353–360Google Scholar
Franco, R. & Canela, E. I. 1984 Computer simulation of purine metabolism. European Journal of Biochemistry 144 305–315CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glassman, E. 1962 Colorimetric assay of xanthine dehydrogenase in a single Drosophila melanogaster. Science 137 990–991Google Scholar
Haining, J. L. & Legan, J. S. 1967 Fluorometric assay for xanthine oxidase. Analytical Biochemistry 21 337–343Google Scholar
Jarasch, E.-D., Grund, C., Bruder, G., Heid, H. W., Keenan, T. W. & Franke, W. W. 1981 Localization of xanthine oxidase in mammary-gland epithelium and capillary endothelium. Cell 25 67–82Google Scholar
Jenness, R. 1970 Protein composition of milk. In Milk Proteins: Chemistry and Molecular Biology 1 17–43 (Ed. McKenzie, H. A.). New York: Academic PressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, J. L., Cohen, H. J. & Rajagopalan, K. V. 1974 Molecular basis of the biological function of molybdenum. Molybdenum-free sulfite oxidase from livers of tungsten-treated rats. Journal of Biological Chemistry 249 5046–5055Google Scholar
Jones, E. A. 1972 Studies on the participate lactose synthetase of mouse mammary gland and the role of α-lactalbumin in the initiation of lactose synthesis. Biochemical Journal 126 67–78Google Scholar
Kelly, P. A., Tsushima, T., Shiu, R. P. C. & Friesen, H. G. 1976 Lactogenic and growth hormone-like activities in pregnancy determined by radioreceptor assays. Endocrinology 99 765–774CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knight, C. H. & Peaker, M. 1982 Mammary cell proliferation in mice during pregnancy and lactation in relation to milk yield. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology 67 165–177CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewin, I. 1957 Xanthine oxidase in normal and abnormal growth. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 50 15–22Google Scholar
Markoff, E. & Talamantes, F. 1981 Serum placental lactogen in mice in relation to day of gestation and number of conceptuses. Biology of Reproduction 24 846–851CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perry, J. W. & Oka, T. 1980 Cyclic AMP as a negative regulator of hormonally-induced laotogenesis in mouse mammary gland organ culture. Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences of the USA 77 2093–2097Google Scholar
Reiter, B. 1979 The lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen peroxide antibacterium system. In Oxygen Free Radicals and Tissue Damage pp. 285–294. London: Pitman (Ciba Foundation Symposium 65)Google Scholar
Rillema, J. A. 1976 Cyclic nucleotides, adenylate cyclase and cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase in mammary glands from pregnant and lactating mice. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 151 748–751Google Scholar
Ringo, D. L. & Rocha, V. 1983 Xanthine oxidase, an indicator of secretory differentiation in mammary cells. Experimental Cell Research 147 216–220Google Scholar
Salacinski, P. R. P., McLean, C., Sykes, J. E. C., Clement-Jones, V. V. & Lowry, P. J. 1981 Iodination of proteins, glycoproteins, and peptides using a solid-phase oxidizing agent 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-3α,6α-diphenylglycoluril (Iodogen). Analytical Biochemistry 117 136–146Google Scholar
Shiu, R. P. C., Kelly, P. A. & Friesen, H. G. 1973 Radioreceptor assay for prolactin and other lactogenic hormones. Science 180, 968–971CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sokal, R. R. & Rohlf, F. J. 1969 Biometry. San Francisco: W. H. FreemanGoogle Scholar
Takemoto, T., Nagamatsu, Y. & Oka, T. 1980 Casein and α-lactalbumin messenger RNAs during the development of mouse mammary gland. Isolation, partial purification and translation in a cell-free system. Developmental Biology 78 247–257CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thordarson, G., Villalobos, R., Colosi, P., Southard, J., Ogren, L. & Talamantes, F. 1986 Lactogenic response of cultured mouse mammary epithelial cells to mouse placental lactogen. Journal of Endocrinology 109 263–274Google Scholar