Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-20T01:30:30.369Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The prevalence of depression among Australian nursing home residents: results using draft ICD-10 and DSM-III-R criteria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

C. J. Phillips  and
A. S. Henderson
C. J. Phillips*
Affiliation:
NH & MRC Social Psychiatry Research Unit, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
A. S. Henderson
Affiliation:
NH & MRC Social Psychiatry Research Unit, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
*
1 Address for correspondence: Dr C. J. Phillips, National Centre for Health Program Evaluation, Fairfield Hospital, Yarra Bend Road, PO Box 65, Fairfield, Victoria 3078, Australia.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

The aims of this study were, first, to estimate the prevalence of depressive disorders in Australian nursing home residents using international diagnostic criteria, and second, to explore environmental determinants of such disorders. Residents of 24 nursing homes were surveyed using the Canberra Interview for the Elderly (CIE) and a range of environmental measures was also taken. Of 323 residents who were screened for cognitive impairment, 165 (51%) scored 18 or above on the Mini-Mental State Examination (Folstein et al. 1975), and were interviewed with the CIE. According to DSM-III-R criteria and the CIE, the prevalence of major depressive episode was 9·7%. Using ICD-10 criteria, 6·1% of residents suffered from a severe depressive episode, 6·7% from a moderate depressive episode and 6·7% from a mild depressive episode. Some measures of the social environment were significantly related to depressive symptoms.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 21 , Issue 3 , August 1991 , pp. 739 - 748
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn revised). American Psychiatric Association: Washington.Google Scholar
Ames, D. (1990). Depression among elderly residents of local-authority residents homes: its nature and the efficacy of intervention. British Journal of Psychiatry 156. 667–676.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Andrich, D. (1978). A rating formulation for ordered response categories. Psychometrica 43. 561–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andrich, D. (1985). An elaboration of Guttman scaling with Rasch models for measurement. In Sociological Methodology (ed. Brandon-Tuma, N.), pp. 33–80. San Francisco: Josey Bass.Google Scholar
Blazer, D., Hughes, D. C. & George, L. K. (1987). The epidemiology of depression in an elderly community population. Gerontologist 27. 281–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burns, B. J., Larson, D. B., Goldstrom, I. D., Johnson, W. E., Taube, C. A., Miller, N. E., Mathis, E. S. (1988). Mental disorder among nursing home patients: preliminary findings from the National Nursing Home Survey Pretest. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 3. 27–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Department of Community Services & Health (1990). The Problem of Dementia in Australia. Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.Google Scholar
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E. & McHugh, P. R. (1975). ‘Mini-Mental State’: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research 12. 189–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilleard, C. J., Willmott, M. & Vaddadi, K. S. (1981). Self-report measures of mood and morale in elderly depressives. British Journal of Psychiatry 138. 230–235.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grayson, D. A., Henderson, A. S. & Kay, D. W. K. (1987). Diagnosis of dementia and depression: a latent trait analysis of their performance. Psychological Medicine 17. 667–675.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howe, A. L. & Preston, G. A. N. (1985). A comparative analysis of nursing home patient populations in Australia. Occasional Paper in Gerontology No. 10 National Research Institute of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine: Melbourne.Google Scholar
Hyer, L. & Hyer, E. (1984). Clinical depression in long-term care facilities: practical issues. Activities, Adaptation & Aging 6. 33–43.Google Scholar
Hyer, L. & Blazer, D. G. (1982). Depressive symptoms: impact and problems in long term care facilities. International Journal of Behavioral Geriatrics 1. 33–44.Google Scholar
Kahn, R. L., Goldfarb, A. I., Pollack, M. & Peck, A. (1960). Brief objective measures for the determination of mental status in the aged. American Journal of Psychiatry 117. 326–328.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katz, I. R., Lesher, E., Kleban, M., Jethanandani, V. & Parmelee, P. (1989). Clinical features of depression in the nursing home. International Psychogeriatrics 1. 5–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kay, D. W. K., Holding, T. A., Jones, B. & Littler, S. (1987). Psychiatric morbidity in Hobart's dependent aged. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 21. 463–475.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lau-Ting, C., Ting, T. & Phoon, W. O. (1987). Mental status of residents in Old People's Homes. Annals of Academic Medicine Singapore 16. 118–121.Google ScholarPubMed
Leaf, P. J., Berkman, C. S., Weissman, M. M., Holzer, C. E., Tischler, G. L. & Myers, J. K. (1988). The epidemiology of late-life depression. In Epidemiology and Aging: An International Perspective (ed. Brody, J. A. and Maddox, G. L.), pp. 117–134. Springer: New York.Google Scholar
Lemke, S. & Moss, R. H. (1987). Measuring the social climate of congregate residences for older people: Sheltered Care Environment Scale. Psychology and Aging 2. 20–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lesher, E. L. (1986). Validation of the Geriatric Depression Scale among nursing home residents. Clinical Gerontologist 4. 21–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linn, M. W. & Linn, B. S. (1982). The Rapid Disability Rating Scale – 2. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 30. 378–382.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mann, A. H., Wood, K., Cross, P., Gurland, B., Schieber, P. & Hafner, H. (1984). Institutional care of the elderly: a comparison of the cities of New York, London and Mannheim. Social Psychiatry 19. 97–102.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moos, R. H. & Lemke, S. (1984). Multiphasic Environmental Assessment Procedure. Stanford University School of Mediine: Palo Alto.Google Scholar
Newmann, J. P. (1989). Aging and depression. Psychology and Aging 4. 150–165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nursing Homes and Hostels Review (1986). Department of Community Services, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.Google Scholar
Parmelee, P. A., Katz, I. R. & Lawton, M. P. (1989). Depression among institutionalized aged: assessment and prevalence estimation. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences 44, M22–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rovner, B. W., Kafonek, S., Filipp, L., Lucas, M. J. & Folstein, M. F. (1986). Prevalence of mental illness in a community nursing home. American Journal of Psychiatry 143. 1446–1449.Google Scholar
Rovner, B. W. & Rabins, P. V. (1985). Mental illness among nursing home patients. Hospital and Community Psychiatry 36. 119–128.Google ScholarPubMed
Schwab, J. J., Holzer, C. E. & Warheit, G. J. (1973). Depressive symptomatology and age. Psychosomalics 14. 135–141.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snowdon, J. (1986). Dementia, depression and life satisfaction in nursing homes. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 1. 85–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snowdon, J. & Donnelly, N. (1986). A study of depression in nursing homes. Journal of Psychiatric Research 20. 327–333.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spagnoli, A., Forest, G., MacDonald, A. & Williams, P. (1986). Dementia and depression in Italian geriatric institutions. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 1. 15–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weeks, D. (1988). The Anomalous Sentences Repetition Test Manual. NFER-Nelson: Windsor, Berkshire.Google Scholar
World Health Organization, (1990). ICD-10 1990 Draft of Chapter V: Categories F00-F99, Mental and behavioural disorders (including disorders of psychological development). Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines (WHO/MNH/MEP/87.1, Rev. 4). World Health Organization, Division of Mental Health: Geneva.Google Scholar
Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M. & Leirer, V. O. (1983). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research 17. 37–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zemore, R. & Eames, N. (1979). Psychic and somatic symptoms of depression among young adults, institutionalized aged and noninstitutionalized aged. Journal of Gerontology 34. 716–722.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed