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Influenza A among community-dwelling elderly persons in Leicestershire during winter 1993–4; cigarette smoking as a risk factor and the efficacy of influenza vaccination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 1999

K. G. NICHOLSON ,
J. KENT  and
V. HAMMERSLEY
K. G. NICHOLSON
Affiliation:
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
J. KENT
Affiliation:
Leicester University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
V. HAMMERSLEY
Affiliation:
Leicester University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
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Abstract

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In a prospective study of community-dwelling people 60–90 years of age, we examined the coverage of influenza vaccine during 1992–3 and 1993–4, the efficacy of vaccination in reducing serologically-confirmed clinical episodes of influenza A during 1993, and the effect of cigarette smoking. During 1992 and 1993, influenza vaccine was given to 106/215 (49%) and 120/204 (59%) people with risk conditions, and 84/225 (37%) and 103/235 (44%) without risk conditions. Influenza vaccination and general practitioner consultations during 1992 were independent predictors of vaccination in 1993, but current smoking was a negative predictor. Of 209 unimmunized people, 8/35 (23%) smokers had clinical influenza as compared with 11/174 (6 %) non-smokers (OR 4·4, 95% CI 1·6 to 11·9). Of 371 non-smokers, 1/197 (0·5%) vaccinees had influenza as compared with 11/174 (6 %) non-vaccinees (OR 0·075, 95% CI 0·587 to 0·009). No cases of influenza occurred among 21 current smokers who were vaccinated.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 123 , Issue 1 , August 1999 , pp. 103 - 108
Copyright
© 1999 Cambridge University Press