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Neural plasticity in speech acquisition and learning

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2007

YANG ZHANG
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota
YUE WANG
Affiliation:
Simon Fraser University

Abstract

Neural plasticity in speech acquisition and learning is concerned with the timeline trajectory and the mechanisms of experience-driven changes in the neural circuits that support or disrupt linguistic function. In this selective review, we discuss the role of phonetic learning in language acquisition, the “critical period” of learning, the agents of neural plasticity, and the distinctiveness of linguistic systems in the brain. In particular, we argue for the necessity to look at brain–behavior connections using modern brain imaging techniques, seek explanations based on measures of neural sensitivity, neural efficiency, neural specificity and neural connectivity at the cortical level, and point out some key factors that may facilitate or limit second language learning. We conclude by highlighting the theoretical and practical issues for future studies and suggest ways to optimize language learning and treatment.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2007

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Footnotes

This work was supported in part by funding sources to Yang Zhang (Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, University of Minnesota, Research Center for Advanced Technologies, Tokyo Denki University and the Grant-in-Aid of Research, Artistry and Scholarship Program administered by the Office of the Dean of the Graduate School, University of Minnesota) and grants to Yue Wang (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC): Discovery grant and Social Sciences, and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC): Standard research grant). We thank Ping Li and the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions.