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Impact of Personality on Cognitive Aging: A Prospective Cohort Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2016

Richard J. Caselli ,
Amylou C. Dueck ,
Dona E.C. Locke ,
Bruce R. Henslin Open the ORCID record for Bruce R. Henslin [Opens in a new window] ,
Travis A. Johnson Open the ORCID record for Travis A. Johnson [Opens in a new window] ,
Bryan K. Woodruff ,
Charlene Hoffman-Snyder Open the ORCID record for Charlene Hoffman-Snyder [Opens in a new window]  and
Yonas E. Geda
Richard J. Caselli*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
Amylou C. Dueck
Affiliation:
Department of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
Dona E.C. Locke
Affiliation:
Division of Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
Bruce R. Henslin
Affiliation:
Department of Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
Travis A. Johnson
Affiliation:
Department of Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
Bryan K. Woodruff
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
Charlene Hoffman-Snyder
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
Yonas E. Geda
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Richard J. Caselli, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Arizona 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259. E-mail: caselli.richard@mayo.edu.
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Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the association between personality factors and age-related longitudinal cognitive performance, and explore interactions of stress-proneness with apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4, a prevalent risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: A total of 510 neuropsychiatrically healthy residents of Maricopa County recruited through media ads (mean age 57.6±10.6 years; 70% women; mean education 15.8±2.4 years; 213 APOE ɛ4 carriers) had neuropsychological testing every 2 years (mean duration follow-up 9.1±4.4 years), and the complete Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Personality Inventory-Revised. Several tests were administered within each of the following cognitive domains: memory, executive skills, language, visuospatial skills, and general cognition. Primary effects on cognitive trajectories and APOE ɛ4 interactions were ascertained with quadratic models. Results: With personality factors treated as continuous variables, Neuroticism was associated with greater decline, and Conscientiousness associated with reduced decline consistently across tests in memory and executive domains. With personality factors trichotomized, the associations of Neuroticism and Conscientiousness were again highly consistent across tests within memory and to a lesser degree executive domains. While age-related memory decline was greater in APOE ɛ4 carriers as a group than ɛ4 noncarriers, verbal memory decline was mitigated in ɛ4 carriers with higher Conscientiousness, and visuospatial perception and memory decline was mitigated in ɛ4 carriers with higher Openness. Conclusions: Neuroticism and Conscientiousness were associated with changes in longitudinal performances on tests sensitive to memory and executive skills. APOE interactions were less consistent. Our findings are consistent with previous studies that have suggested that personality factors, particularly Neuroticism and Conscientiousness are associated with cognitive aging patterns. (JINS, 2016, 22, 765–776)

Keywords

AgingMemoryApolipoprotein EAlzheimer diseaseMild cognitive impairmentPsychological stress
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 22 , Issue 7 , August 2016 , pp. 765 - 776
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2016 

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