Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-xtgtn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T15:47:14.900Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Beyond disjoint brain networks: Overlapping networks for cognition and emotion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 June 2016

Luiz Pessoa*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742. pessoa@umd.eduhttp://www.emotioncognition.org

Abstract

It is taken for granted that the brain is composed of a set of networks. But what is a brain network? How should we characterize them? Adding to Anderson's (2014) persuasive anti-modular framework, I propose that (1) networks do not have a single, unique function; (2) networks are highly overlapping and not disjoint; and (3) tasks reconfigure networks found at rest.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, M. L. (2014) After phrenology: Neural reuse and the interactive brain. MIT Press.Google Scholar
Bressler, S. L. & Menon, V. (2010) Large-scale brain networks in cognition: Emerging methods and principles. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 14:277–90.Google Scholar
Buckner, R. L., Krienen, F. M. & Yeo, B. T. (2013) Opportunities and limitations of intrinsic functional connectivity MRI. Nature Neuroscience 16:832–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cacioppo, J. T. & Tassinary, L. G. (1990) Inferring psychological significance from physiological signals. American Psychologist 45:1628.Google Scholar
Choi, J. M., Padmala, S. & Pessoa, L. (2012) Impact of state anxiety on the interaction between threat monitoring and cognition. NeuroImage 59:1912–23.Google Scholar
Cocchi, L., Zalesky, A., Fornito, A. & Mattingley, J. B. (2013) Dynamic cooperation and competition between brain systems during cognitive control. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 17:493501.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cole, M. W., Bassett, D. S., Power, J. D., Braver, T. S. & Petersen, S. E. (2014) Intrinsic and task-evoked network architectures of the human brain. Neuron 83:238–51.Google Scholar
Cole, M. W., Reynolds, J. R., Power, J. D., Repovs, G., Anticevic, A. & Braver, T. S. (2013) Multi-task connectivity reveals flexible hubs for adaptive task control. Nature Neuroscience 16(9):1348–55.Google Scholar
Damaraju, E., Huang, Y. M., Barrett, L. F. & Pessoa, L. (2009) Affective learning enhances activity and functional connectivity in early visual cortex. Neuropsychologia 47:2480–87.Google Scholar
Gavin, A.-C., Bösche, M., Krause, R., Grandi, P., Marzioch, M., Bauer, A., Schultz, J., Rick, J. M., Michon, A.-M. & Cruciat, C.-M. (2002) Functional organization of the yeast proteome by systematic analysis of protein complexes. Nature 415:141–47.Google Scholar
Hilgetag, C. C., O'Neill, M. A. & Young, M. P. (1996) Indeterminate organization of the visual system. Science 271:776–77.Google Scholar
Kinnison, J., Padmala, S., Choi, J. M. & Pessoa, L. (2012) Network analysis reveals increased integration during emotional and motivational processing. Journal of Neuroscience 32:8361–72.Google Scholar
Menon, V. & Uddin, L. Q. (2010) Saliency, switching, attention and control: A network model of insula function. Brain Structure and Function 214:655–67.Google Scholar
Mesulam, M. M. (1998) From sensation to cognition. Brain 121:1013–52.Google Scholar
Newman, M. (2010) Networks: An introduction. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Padmala, S. & Pessoa, L. (2011) Reward reduces conflict by enhancing attentional control and biasing visual cortical processing. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23:3419–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Palla, G., Derenyi, I., Farkas, I. & Vicsek, T. (2005) Uncovering the overlapping community structure of complex networks in nature and society. Nature 435:814–18.Google Scholar
Pessoa, L. (2009) How do emotion and motivation direct executive function? Trends in Cognitive Sciences 13:160–66.Google Scholar
Pessoa, L. (2013) The cognitive-emotional brain: From interactions to integration. MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pessoa, L. (2014) Understanding brain networks and brain organization. Physics of Life Reviews 11:400–35.Google Scholar
Pessoa, L., McKenna, M., Gutierrez, E. & Ungerleider, L. G. (2002) Neural processing of emotional faces requires attention. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 99:11458–63.Google Scholar
Rissman, J., Gazzaley, A. & D'Esposito, M. (2004) Measuring functional connectivity during distinct stages of a cognitive task. NeuroImage 23:752–63.Google Scholar
Yeo, B. T., Krienen, F. M., Chee, M. W. & Buckner, R. L. (2014) Estimates of segregation and overlap of functional connectivity networks in the human cerebral cortex. NeuroImage 88:212–27.Google Scholar
Yeo, B. T., Krienen, F. M., Sepulcre, J., Sabuncu, M. R., Lashkari, D., Hollinshead, M., Roffman, J. L., Smoller, J. W., Zollei, L., Polimeni, J. R., Fischl, B., Liu, H. & Buckner, R. L. (2011) The organization of the human cerebral cortex estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity. Journal of Neurophysiology 106:1125–65.Google Scholar