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Fabricating high refractive index titanium dioxide film using electron beam evaporation for all-dielectric metasurfaces

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 March 2016

Ning An ,
Kaiyang Wang ,
Haohan Wei ,
Qinghai Song  and
Shumin Xiao
Ning An
Affiliation:
Integrated Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China Integrated Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Kaiyang Wang
Affiliation:
Integrated Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Haohan Wei
Affiliation:
Integrated Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Qinghai Song*
Affiliation:
Integrated Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Shumin Xiao*
Affiliation:
Integrated Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
*
Address all correspondence to Qinghai Song and Shumin Xiao at qinghai.song@hitsz.edu.cn, shumin.xiao@hitsz.edu.cn
Address all correspondence to Qinghai Song and Shumin Xiao at qinghai.song@hitsz.edu.cn, shumin.xiao@hitsz.edu.cn
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Abstract

Transparent high refractive index materials are of the central importance for the development of metasurface in visible range. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been considered as a perfect candidate due to its wide band gap and high refractive index. However, till now, it is still quite challenging to fabricate high-quality TiO2 films with high refractive indices and low losses. Here we demonstrate the fabrication of high-quality TiO2 film using an electron-beam evaporation method. We show that the post-annealing conditions play key roles in the microstructure crystallographic and the optical refractive index of the TiO2 films. A predominately oriented TiO2 film has been achieved by annealing at 700 °C in oxygen ambient. The refractive index is as high as 2.4, and the corresponding loss is negligible at 632 nm. Further studies on dielectric antennas show that our TiO2 film can be an ideal platform to fabricate metasurface in visible frequency range. We believe that our research will be important for the advances of all-dielectric metasurfaces.

Type
Research Letters
Information
MRS Communications , Volume 6 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 77 - 83
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Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

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