Society has already seen multiple potential futures of neurotechnologies through the multifaceted lens of science fiction. We do not know which of those futures we will come to live, but the strong force in society's evolutionary process will likely continue to be the insight and oversight developed by the bioethics community, pushing and being pushed by the advances of technology, improvements in medical care, and market competitiveness.The author thanks the “Ethical Dimensions in Neuroscience” Program of the Stanford University BioX Interdisciplinary Initiative and the Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics for supporting this work.