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Brain substrates of perceived spatial separation between speech sources under simulated reverberant listening conditions in schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 2015

Y. Zheng ,
C. Wu ,
J. Li ,
H. Wu ,
S. She ,
S. Liu ,
H. Wu ,
L. Mao ,
Y. Ning  and
L. Li
Y. Zheng
Affiliation:
Guangzhou Brain Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, People's Republic of China
C. Wu
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, School of Life Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research at PKU, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
J. Li
Affiliation:
Guangzhou Brain Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, People's Republic of China
H. Wu
Affiliation:
Guangzhou Brain Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, People's Republic of China
S. She
Affiliation:
Guangzhou Brain Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, People's Republic of China
S. Liu
Affiliation:
Guangzhou Brain Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, People's Republic of China
H. Wu
Affiliation:
Guangzhou Brain Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, People's Republic of China
L. Mao
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, School of Life Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research at PKU, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
Y. Ning
Affiliation:
Guangzhou Brain Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510370, People's Republic of China
L. Li*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, School of Life Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research at PKU, Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
*
*Address for correspondence: L. Li, Ph.D., Department of Psychology, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China. (Email: liangli@pku.edu.cn)
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Abstract

Background

People with schizophrenia recognize speech poorly under multiple-people-talking (informational masking) conditions. In reverberant environments, direct-wave signals from a speech source are perceptually integrated with the source reflections (the precedence effect), forming perceived spatial separation (PSS) between different sources and consequently improving target-speech recognition against informational masking. However, the brain substrates underlying the schizophrenia-related vulnerability to informational masking and whether schizophrenia affects the unmasking effect of PSS are largely unknown.

Method

Using psychoacoustic testing and functional magnetic resonance imaging, respectively, the speech recognition under either the PSS or perceived spatial co-location (PSC) condition and the underlying brain substrates were examined in 20 patients with schizophrenia and 16 healthy controls.

Results

Speech recognition was worse in patients than controls. Under the PSS (but not PSC) condition, speech recognition was correlated with activation of the superior parietal lobule (SPL), and target speech-induced activation of the SPL, precuneus, middle cingulate cortex and caudate significantly declined in patients. Moreover, the separation (PSS)-against-co-location (PSC) contrast revealed (1) activation of the SPL, precuneus and anterior cingulate cortex in controls, (2) suppression of the SPL and precuneus in patients, (3) activation of the pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus in both controls and patients, (4) activation of the medial superior frontal gyrus in patients, and (5) impaired functional connectivity of the SPL in patients.

Conclusions

Introducing the PSS listening condition efficiently reveals both the brain substrates underlying schizophrenia-related speech-recognition deficits against informational masking and the schizophrenia-related neural compensatory strategy for impaired SPL functions.

Keywords

Neural compensationprecedence effectprecuneusschizophreniaspatial attentionspeech recognitionsuperior parietal lobule
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 46 , Issue 3 , February 2016 , pp. 477 - 491
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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