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Posterior structural brain volumes differ in maltreated youth with and without chronic posttraumatic stress disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 November 2015

Michael D. De Bellis ,
Stephen R. Hooper ,
Steven D. Chen ,
James M. Provenzale ,
Brian D. Boyd ,
Christopher E. Glessner ,
James R. MacFall ,
Martha E. Payne ,
Robert Rybczynski  and
Donald P. Woolley
Michael D. De Bellis*
Affiliation:
Duke University School of Medicine
Stephen R. Hooper
Affiliation:
Duke University School of Medicine University of North Carolina School of Medicine
Steven D. Chen
Affiliation:
Duke University School of Medicine
James M. Provenzale
Affiliation:
Duke University School of Medicine
Brian D. Boyd
Affiliation:
Duke University School of Medicine
Christopher E. Glessner
Affiliation:
Duke University School of Medicine
James R. MacFall
Affiliation:
Duke University School of Medicine
Martha E. Payne
Affiliation:
Duke University School of Medicine
Robert Rybczynski
Affiliation:
Duke University School of Medicine
Donald P. Woolley
Affiliation:
Duke University School of Medicine
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Michael D. De Bellis, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Box 104360, Durham, NC 27710; E-mail: michael.debellis@duke.edu.
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Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging studies of maltreated children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that maltreatment-related PTSD is associated with adverse brain development. Maltreated youth resilient to chronic PTSD were not previously investigated and may elucidate neuromechanisms of the stress diathesis that leads to resilience to chronic PTSD. In this cross-sectional study, anatomical volumetric and corpus callosum diffusion tensor imaging measures were examined using magnetic resonance imaging in maltreated youth with chronic PTSD (N = 38), without PTSD (N = 35), and nonmaltreated participants (n = 59). Groups were sociodemographically similar. Participants underwent assessments for strict inclusion/exclusion criteria and psychopathology. Maltreated youth with PTSD were psychobiologically different from maltreated youth without PTSD and nonmaltreated controls. Maltreated youth with PTSD had smaller posterior cerebral and cerebellar gray matter volumes than did maltreated youth without PTSD and nonmaltreated participants. Cerebral and cerebellar gray matter volumes inversely correlated with PTSD symptoms. Posterior corpus callosum microstructure in pediatric maltreatment-related PTSD differed compared to maltreated youth without PTSD and controls. The group differences remained significant when controlling for psychopathology, numbers of Axis I disorders, and trauma load. Alterations of these posterior brain structures may result from a shared trauma-related mechanism or an inherent vulnerability that mediates the pathway from chronic PTSD to comorbidity.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 27 , Special Issue 4pt2: Multilevel Developmental Perspectives on Child Maltreatment , November 2015 , pp. 1555 - 1576
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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