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Simulation of swimming oblate jellyfish with a paddling-based locomotion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 May 2014

Sung Goon Park ,
Cheong Bong Chang ,
Wei-Xi Huang  and
Hyung Jin Sung
Sung Goon Park
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
Cheong Bong Chang
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
Wei-Xi Huang
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
Hyung Jin Sung*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
*
†Email address for correspondence: hjsung@kaist.ac.kr
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Abstract

The hydrodynamics of a swimming jellyfish depends on the morphology of the species. For example, oblate jellyfish appear to generate wide vortex structures near the bell margin. The vortex structures affect both the propulsion system and the feeding structure because the swimming and prey capturing activities are interrelated processes in these taxa. A three-dimensional computational model was established for an oblate jellyfish to analyse how the vortex structures present in the wake affect the swimming mechanism and the propulsion efficiency, which is defined as the ratio of power output (thrust multiplied by centre velocity) to power input (energy rate required for bell contraction). An improved penalty immersed boundary method was adopted to consider the interactions between the swimming jellyfish and the ambient fluid. The vortex structures in the wake of the swimming jellyfish were investigated in detail. The vortices generated by the contraction and expansion of the jellyfish bell interact with the vortex structures generated by the forward-moving behaviour of the jellyfish. The resulting vortex structures not only transfer momentum to the swimming jellyfish via the fluid, thereby providing the main source of thrust, but also have an implication for feeding. The effects of the elastic properties of the jellyfish on the propulsion were examined. The propulsion efficiency reaches its optimum value at particular elastic properties. We also investigated the effect of the swimming pattern of jellyfish on the propulsion efficiency. The efficiency increases with the flapping frequency and force duration.

JFM classification

Biological Fluid Dynamics: Propulsion Biological Fluid Dynamics: Swimming/flying Vortex Flows: Vortex dynamics
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 748 , 10 June 2014 , pp. 731 - 755
Copyright
© 2014 Cambridge University Press 

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Park et al. supplementary movie

Comparison of the vortex structures generated in the wake between the intermittent swimming (τ = 0.4, T = 1.1) and the continuous swimming (τ = 0.4, T = 0.4).

Download Park et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 3.7 MB

Park et al. supplementary movie

Comparison of the vortex structures generated in the wake for the intermittent swimming cases with shorter (τ = 0.4, T = 1.1) and longer (τ = 0.8, T = 0.4) force durations.

Download Park et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 3.5 MB