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79 John Burroughs, ‘Machines in fur and feathers’, The Independent, 12 March 1908, pp. 570–574, p. 571.

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85 See Dallas Lore Sharp, Roof and Meadow, New York: Century, 1904; Charles C.D. Roberts, The Watchers of the Trails: A Book of Animal Life, New York: A. Wessels Co., 1906.

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132 John B. Watson, Behavior: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology, New York: Holt, 1914, p. 227. For example, see the charges of fraud that accompanied R.L. Garner's claims about a simian tongue during the 1890s; see Radick, ‘Morgan's canon’, op. cit. (39), pp. 19–20.

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145 Hunter to Yerkes, 16 November 1950, Yerkes Papers, Box 27, Folder 491.

146 Hunter, op. cit. (112), p. 172.

147 See Hunter, Walter S., ‘The behavior of raccoons in a double alternation temporal maze’, Journal of Genetic Psychology (1928), 35, pp. 374–388Google Scholar; Norman Munn, L., ‘Pattern and brightness discrimination in raccoons’, Journal of Genetic Psychology (1930), 37, pp. 3–34Google Scholar.

148 Cole to Yerkes, 14 March 1934, Yerkes Papers, Box 11, Folder 189.

149 See Weidman, op. cit. (14), pp. 160–186.

150 Hunter, Walter S. and Sommermeier, E., ‘The relation of degree of Indian blood to score on the Otis Intelligence Test’, Journal of Comparative Psychology (1922), 2, pp. 257–277CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

151 See Thomas, Marion, ‘Yerkes, Hamilton and the experimental study of the ape mind: from evolutionary psychiatry to eugenics politics’, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (2006), 37, pp. 273–294CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed.

152 Yerkes to Josephine Ball, 20 November 1925, Yerkes Papers, Box 4, Folder 55.

153 Ball to Yerkes, 24 February 1930, Yerkes Papers, Box 4, Folder 55.

154 Yerkes to Ball, 13 March 1930, Yerkes Papers, Box 4, Folder 55.

155 Ball to Yerkes, 1 March 1926, Yerkes Papers, Box 4, Folder 55.

156 On Beach's early experience with rats see Frank A. Beach, ‘Frank A. Beach’, in Gardner Lindzey (ed.), A History of Psychology in Autobiography, vol. 6, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1974, pp. 33–58, p. 35. As a graduate student, Karl Lashley's decidedly non-behaviourist perspective had a tremendous influence on Beach's intellectual pursuits. See Dewsbury, Donald A., ‘The Chicago Five: a family of integrative psychobiologists’, History of Psychology (2002), 5, pp. 16–37CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed.

157 On the study of animal behaviour at the American Museum of Natural History see Mitman, Gregg, ‘Cinematic nature: Hollywood technology, popular culture, and the American Museum of Natural History’, Isis (1993) 84, pp. 637–661.Google Scholar

158 Whitney, Leon F., ‘The raccoon: some mental attributes’, Journal of Mammalogy (1933), 14, pp. 108–114CrossRefGoogle Scholar, p. 112. See also idem, ‘The raccoon and its hunting’, Journal of Mammalogy (1931) 12, pp. 29–38.

159 Leon F. Whitney and Acil B. Underwood, The Raccoon, Orange, CT: Practical Science Publishing Co., 1952, p. 127, p. 137.

160 Yerkes to Cole, 5 March 1934, Yerkes Papers, Box 11, Folder 189.