Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-xtgtn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T09:55:41.659Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Age of the Wealden in North-Western Europe1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

P. Allen
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University, Reading.

Abstract

The Wealden of the Weald is mainly post-Tithonian/pre-Aptian in age. The formation probably comprises the fullest non-marine record of the interval in north-western Europe, spanning most of Berriasian (Infra-Valanginian), Valanginian, Hauterivian and Barremian time. It is well suited to be the standard succession for purposes of direct correlation.

The term “ Wealden ” should, if used for beds outside the English basin, be applied only to those non-marine formations (1) clearly lying within the Berriasian–Barremian range and, if possible, (2) correlatable directly with the standard. Otherwise “ Wealden facies ” should be used.

Beds claimed as “ Wealden ” elsewhere in north-western Europe are examined in this light.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1955

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

Being an extended version of the Introduction to the Sedgwick Prize Essay, University of Cambridge, for 1952.

References

REFERENCES

Allen, P., 1941. A Wealden soil bed with Equisetites lyelli (Mantell). Proc. Geol. Assoc., lii, 362.Google Scholar
Allen, P. 1954. Geology and geography of the London– North Sea Uplands in Wealden times. Geol. Mag., xci, 498.Google Scholar
Alvin, K. L., 1953. Three Abietaceous cones from the Wealden of Belgium. Inst. Roy. Sci. Nat. Belg., Mem. 125.Google Scholar
Anderson, F. W., 1939. Wealden and Purbeck Ostracoda. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 11, iii, 291.Google Scholar
Anderson, F. W. 1940. Ostracod zones of the Wealden and Purbeck. Adv. of Sci., 1, 259.Google Scholar
Anderson, F. W. 1951. Note sur quelques Ostracodes fossiles du Purbeckien de Suisse. Arch. des Sciences, iv, 209.Google Scholar
Arkell, W. J., 1941. The gastropods of the Purbeck Beds. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., xcvii, 79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arkell, W. J. 1944. Stratigraphy and structures east of Oxford. Part II. The Miltons and Haseleys. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., c, 45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arkell, W. J. 1947 a. The Geology of Oxford. (Oxford).Google Scholar
Arkell, W. J. 1947 b. The geology of the country around Weymouth, Swanage, Corfe and Lulworth. Mem. Geol. Surv.Google Scholar
Arkell, W. J. 1948. A Geological map of Swindon. Wilts. Archaeol. and Nat. Hist. Mag., lii, 195.Google Scholar
Arkell, W. J. 1955. Jurassic Geology of the World. (London and Edinburgh.) (In Press.)Google Scholar
Arkell, W. J. and Sylvester-Bradley, P. C., 1941. Note on the age of the Swindon Purbeck Beds. Proc. Geol. Assoc., lii, 321.Google Scholar
Carozzi, A., 1948. Étude stratigraphique … du Jura Suisse. Thèse No. 1122, Geneva.Google Scholar
Casey, R., 1955 a. The pelecypod superfamily Corbiculacea and its distribution in the British Mesozoic. Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci.Google Scholar
Casey, R. 1955 b. The Neomiodonidae, a new family of lamellibranchs. Proc. Malac. Soc. (In Press.)Google Scholar
Conybeare, W. D., and Phillips, W., 1822. Outlines of the Geology of England and Wales. (London.)Google Scholar
Corroy, G., 1925. Le Néocomien de la bordure orientale du Sassin de Paris. (Thèse, Paris.)Google Scholar
Dijkstra, S. J., 1951. Wealden megaspores and their stratigraphical value. Meded. Geol. Sticht., N.S. v, 7.Google Scholar
Dollfus, G. F., and Fortin, R.. Note Explicative to 1: 80,000 geological map of France No. 31 (Rouen).Google Scholar
Fitton, W. H., 1824. Inquiries respecting the geological relations of the beds between the Chalk and the Purbeck Limestone in the southeast of England. Ann. Phil., N.S., viii, 365, 458.Google Scholar
Grekoff, N., 1953. Sur l'utilisation des microfaunes d' Ostracodes dans la stratigraphie précise du passage Jurassique — Crétacé (Faciès continentaux). Extrait de la Rev. de l' Instit. Franç. du Pétrole et Ann. des Combustibles Liquides, viii, 362.Google Scholar
Harris, T. M., 1953. Conifers of the Taxodiaceae from the Wealden formation of Belgium. Inst. Roy. Sci. Nat. Belg., Memoir 126.Google Scholar
Hughes, N. F., 1955. Wealden plant microfossils. Geol. Mag., xcii, 201.Google Scholar
Jones, T. R., 1880. Lettre sur le “ Calcaire à Cypris ” du Boulonnais. Bull. Soc. Géol. France, 3e serie, viii, 615.Google Scholar
Joukowsky, E., and Favre, J., 1913. Monographic géologique et paléontplogique du Salève. Mem. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genève, xxxvii, fasc. 4, 295.Google Scholar
Keeping, W., 1883. The fossils and palaeontological affinities of the Neocomian deposits of Upware and Brickhill. Sedgwick Prize Essay for 1879, Cambridge.Google Scholar
King, W. B. R., 1949. The geology of the eastern part of the English Channel. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., civ, 327.Google Scholar
Kirkaldy, J. F., 1937. The overstep of the Sandgate Beds in the eastern Weald. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., xciii, 94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirkaldy, J. F. 1939. The history of the Lower Cretaceous period in England. Proc. Geol. Assoc., 1, 379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirkaldy, J. F. 1947. The provenance of the pebbles in the Lower Cretaceous rocks. Proc. Geol. Assoc., lviii, 223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koert, W., 1898. Geologische und paläeotologische Untersuchung der Grenzschichten zwischen Jura und Kreide auf der Südwestseite des Selter. Inaugural Dissertation, Göttingen.Google Scholar
Lapparent, A. de, 1879. Le Pays de Bray. Mém. Explic. Carte Géol. France.Google Scholar
Lemoine, P., 1911. Géologic du Bassin de Paris. (Paris.)Google Scholar
Lemoine, P. Note Explicative to 1:80,000 geological map of France No. 20 (Neufchâtel).Google Scholar
Lemoine, P. Humery, R. and Soyer, R., 1939. Les forages profonds du bassin de Paris. La nappe artésienne des sables verts. Mém. Mus. Nat. Hist. Naturelle, xi. (Paris).Google Scholar
Maillard, G., 1886. Supplément à la monographie des invertébrés du Purbeckien du Jura. Mém. Soc. Pal. Suisse, xii.Google Scholar
Mantell, G. A., 1822. The Fossils of the South Downs, or Illustrations of the Geology of Sussex. (London.)Google Scholar
Marlière, R., 1933. Compte rendue de l'excursion conduite le 17 juin 1933 dans le Bassin crétacé de Mons. Bull. Soc. Beige Géol., xliii, 177.Google Scholar
Marlière, R. 1934. Argiles' et sables wealdiens du Hainaut. Extrait des Publ. de l'Assoc. Ingén. de l'École Mines de Mons, Fasc. 1, No. 48.Google Scholar
Marlière, R. 1945. Les mers albiennes et cénomaniennes en bordure meridionale du Continent ardennais. Bull. Soc. Roy. Belg. Géogr., 1.Google Scholar
Marliére, R. 1946. Deltas wealdiens du Hainaut; sables et graviers de Thieu; argiles réfractaires d'Hautrage. Bull. Soc. Belg. Geol., lv, 69.Google Scholar
Martin, G. P. R., and Weiler, W., 1954. Fisch-Otolithen aus dem deutschen Mesozoikum. (Dogger bis Wealden.) Senckenbergiana, xxxv, 119.Google Scholar
Martin, P. I., 1828. A Geological Memoir on a part of Western Sussex. (London.)Google Scholar
Middleton, J., 1812. Outlines of the Mineral Strata of Great Britain. Monthly Mag., xxxiv.Google Scholar
Milner, H. B., 1923. The geology of the country around East Grinstead, Sussex. Proc. Geol. Assoc., xxxiv, 283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pruvost, P., 1925. Observations sur la structure du Cap Gris-Nez et sur les mouvements qui ont affectés le Pays Boulonnais aprés le depôt du Jurassique. Bull. Carte Géol. France, xxviii, No. 156.Google Scholar
Pruvost, P. 1928. Note Explicative to 1: 80,000 geological map of France No. 3 (Boulogne).Google Scholar
Riedel, L., 1941. Zur Stratigraphie der tieferen Unterkreide in Nordwest- deutschland, besonders in den Erdölgebieten. Jahr. Reichsst. f. Bodenf., lx, 431.Google Scholar
Schmidt, H., and Wolburg, J., 1949. Die stratigraphische Stellung des Purbeck in der südlichen Hilsmulde. Nachr. Akad. Wissensch. Göttingen (Math. Phys. Klasse), 19.Google Scholar
Schott, W., 1950. Der obere Weisse Jura und die tiefste Unterkreide im Deutsch-Holländischen Grenzgebeit. Geol. Jahrb., lxv, 213.Google Scholar
Seitz, O., 1949. Zur Paläographie des Wealden und der Pompeckj'schen Schwelle. Erdöl u. Tektonik in Nordwestdeutschland, 135.Google Scholar
Seward, A. C., 1900. La flore wealdienne du Bernhissart. Mém. Mus. Roy. Hist. Nat. Belge, I.Google Scholar
Stevens, C., and Marlière, R., 1944. Révision de la carte du relief du socle paléozoique du Bassin de Mons. Ann. Soc. Géol. Belg., lxvii, 145.Google Scholar
Strahan, A., 1898. Geology of the Isle of Purbeck and Weymouth. Mem. Geol. Surv.Google Scholar
Struckmann, C., 1880. Die Wealdenbildungen der Umgegend von Hannover. Hann'sche Buchhandl. (Hannover.)Google Scholar
Thomas, H. Note Explicative to 1: 80,000 geological map of France, No. 32 (Beauvais).Google Scholar
Topley, W., 1875. Geology of the Weald. Mem. Geol. Surv.Google Scholar
White, H. J. O., 1928. Geology of the country near Hastings and Dungeness. Mem. Geol. Surv.Google Scholar
Wicher, C. A., 1940. Zur stratigraphie der Grenzschichten Jura-Kreide Nordwestdeutschlands. Oel u. Kohle, xxix, 263.Google Scholar
Wolburg, J., 1949 a. Zur Frage des Alters der obersten Wealdenschichten in England. Neu. Jahr. f. Min., etc., Abt. B., vii, 193.Google Scholar
Wolburg, J. 1949 b. Ergebnisse der Biostratigraphie nach Ostracoden im nordwestdeutschen Wealden. Erdöl u. Tektonik in Nordwestdeutschland, 349.Google Scholar
Wolburg, J. 1950. Vergleichende stratigraphische Untersuchungen der brackischlimnischen Ablagerungen Europas an der Wende Jura-Kreide. Geol. Landesanst., Geol. Jahrb. f. 19431948, lxiv, 159.Google Scholar