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Apathy and Depression: Separate Factors in Parkinson's Disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 September 2011

Lindsey Kirsch-Darrow ,
Michael Marsiske ,
Michael S. Okun ,
Russell Bauer  and
Dawn Bowers
Lindsey Kirsch-Darrow
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
Michael Marsiske
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
Michael S. Okun
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
Russell Bauer
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
Dawn Bowers*
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Dawn Bowers, Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611. E-mail: dawnbowers@phhp.ufl.edu
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Abstract

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that apathy and depression are dissociable in Parkinson disease (PD) by conducting a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of items from two commonly used mood scales. A total of 161 non-demented PD patients (age = 64.1; ± 8.4 years) were administered the Apathy Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Items were hypothesized to load onto four factors: (1) an apathy factor representing loss of motivation, (2) dysphoric mood factor representing sadness and negativity, (3) loss of interest/pleasure factor representing the features common to both apathy and depression, and (4) a somatic factor representing bodily complaints. Results indicated a good fit for the overall CFA model, χ2 (128, N = 146) = 194.9; p<.01. RMSEA was .060 (p = .16). The four-factor model was significantly better than all alternative nested models at p < .001, including an overarching single factor model, representing “depression.” Results support the concept that apathy and depression are discrete constructs. We suggest a “factor based” scoring of the Apathy Scale and Beck Depression Inventory-II that disentangles symptoms related to apathy, depression, overlapping symptoms, and somatic complaints. Such scoring may be important in providing useful information regarding differential treatment options. (JINS, 2011, 17, 1058–1066)

Keywords

Parkinson's diseaseApathyDepressionConfirmatory factor analysisApathy Scale
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 17 , Issue 6 , November 2011 , pp. 1058 - 1066
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2011

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