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12-month incidence, prevalence, persistence, and treatment of mental disorders among individuals recently admitted to assisted living facilities in Maryland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 January 2013

Quincy M. Samus ,
Chiadi U. Onyike ,
Deirdre Johnston ,
Lawrence Mayer ,
Matthew McNabney ,
Alva S. Baker ,
Jason Brandt ,
Peter V. Rabins ,
Constantine G. Lyketsos  and
Adam Rosenblatt
Quincy M. Samus*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Chiadi U. Onyike
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Deirdre Johnston
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Lawrence Mayer
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Matthew McNabney
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Alva S. Baker
Affiliation:
The Center for the Study of Aging, McDaniel College, Westminster, Maryland, USA
Jason Brandt
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Peter V. Rabins
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Constantine G. Lyketsos
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Adam Rosenblatt
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Quincy M. Samus, PhD, MS, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 5300 Alpha Commons Drive, 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. Phone: +1-410-550-6744; Fax: +1-410-550-1407. Email: qmiles@jhmi.edu.
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Abstract

Background: To estimate the 12-month incidence, prevalence, and persistence of mental disorders among recently admitted assisted living (AL) residents and to describe the recognition and treatment of these disorders.

Methods: Two hundred recently admitted AL residents in 21 randomly selected AL facilities in Maryland received comprehensive physician-based cognitive and neuropsychiatric evaluations at baseline and 12 months later. An expert consensus panel adjudicated psychiatric diagnoses (using DSM-IV-TR criteria) and completeness of workup and treatment. Incidence, prevalence, and persistence were derived from the panel's assessment. Family and direct care staff recognition of mental disorders was also assessed.

Results: At baseline, three-quarters suffered from a cognitive disorder (56% dementia, 19% Cognitive Disorders Not Otherwise Specified) and 15% from an active non-cognitive mental disorder. Twelve-month incidence rates for dementia and non-cognitive psychiatric disorders were 17% and 3% respectively, and persistence rates were 89% and 41% respectively. Staff recognition rates for persistent dementias increased over the 12-month period but 25% of cases were still unrecognized at 12 months. Treatment was complete at 12 months for 71% of persistent dementia cases and 43% of persistent non-cognitive psychiatric disorder cases.

Conclusions: Individuals recently admitted to AL are at high risk for having or developing mental disorders and a high proportion of cases, both persistent and incident, go unrecognized or untreated. Routine dementia and psychiatric screening and reassessment should be considered a standard care practice. Further study is needed to determine the longitudinal impact of psychiatric care on resident outcomes and use of facility resources.

Keywords

incidencedementiapsychiatric disordertreatmentrecognition
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 25 , Issue 5 , May 2013 , pp. 721 - 731
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2013

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