Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-dnltx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T11:07:00.626Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Odour-baited targets to control tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), in Zimbabwe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

G. A. Vale ,
D. F. Lovemore ,
S. Flint  and
G. F. Cockbill
G. A. Vale
Affiliation:
Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Branch, Department of Veterinary Services, P.O. Box 8283, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe
D. F. Lovemore
Affiliation:
Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Branch, Department of Veterinary Services, P.O. Box 8283, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe
S. Flint
Affiliation:
Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Branch, Department of Veterinary Services, P.O. Box 8283, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe
G. F. Cockbill
Affiliation:
Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Branch, Department of Veterinary Services, P.O. Box 8283, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

From March to October 1984, targets consisting of black cloth and netting, baited with 1-octen-3-ol (released at about 0·5 mg/h), and acetone (about 100 mg/h) or butanone (15 mg/h), and coated with deltamethrin, were deployed at 3–5/km2 in 600 km2 of the Zambezi Valley of Zimbabwe where Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen were initially abundant. About 3 000 000 adults of G. pallidipes and 200 000 of G. m. morsitans originally present in the area as adults or pupae were killed by targets or removed by sampling procedures between March and December. At the end of this period, the tsetse populations in the centre of the block had declined by at least 99·99%. The targets dealt adequately with a strong invasion pressure from initially dense infestations nearby, partly because the targets reduced the abundance of tsetse up to 5–10 km outside the block. At 18 months after the start of the study, the targets were badly faded; this was corrected by spraying them with a black dye and an ultraviolet-light absorber that protected the dye and insecticide, but by then the targets had deteriorated and were without adequate odour attractant, and many were no longer being maintained. Tsetse then invaded further into the block, but only in small numbers. Tabanids and muscoids were not strongly attracted to targets; their population densities in and near the block did not change greatly. Targets offer a simple and ecologically clean method of controlling tsetse and preventing invasion.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 78 , Issue 1 , March 1988 , pp. 31 - 49
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allsopp, R. & Hursey, B. S. (1986). Integrated chemical control of tsetse flies in western Zimbabwe.—39 pp. Harare, Zimbabwe, Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Branch, Dep. Vet. Serv.Google Scholar
Bursell, E. (1970). Dispersal and concentration of Glossina.—pp. 382–394 in Mulligan, H. W. (Ed.). The African trypanosomiases.—950 pp. London, Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Bursell, E., Gough, A. J. E., Beevor, P. S., Cork, A., Hall, D. R. & Vale, G. A. (in press). Identification of components of cattle urine attractive to tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae).—Bull. ent. Res. 78.Google Scholar
Flint, S. (1985). A comparison of various traps for Glossina spp. (Glossinidae) and other Diptera.—Bull. ent. Res. 75, 529–534.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C. H. & Flint, S. (1986). An analysis of colour effects on the performance of the F2 trap against Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae).—Bull. ent. Res. 76, 409–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hassanali, A., McDowell, P. G., Owaga, M. L. A. & Saini, R. K. (1986). Identification of tsetse attractants from excretory products of a wild host animal, Syncerus caffer.—Insect Sci. Applic. 7, 5–9.Google Scholar
Langley, P. A. & Weidhaas, D. (1986). Trapping as a means of controlling tsetse, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae): the relative merits of killing and sterilization.—Bull. ent. Res. 76, 89–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laveissière, C., Gouteux, J. P. & Couret, T. (1980). Essais de méthodes de lutte contre les glossines en zone pré-forestière de Côte d'Ivoire. 5. Note de synthèse.—Cah. ORSTOM, Sér. Entomol. méd. Parasitol. 18, 323–328.Google Scholar
Robertson, A. G., Kluge, E. B., Kritzinger, D. A. & De Sousa, A. E. (1972). The use of residual insecticides in reclamation of the Rhodesia-Mocambique border region between the Sabi/Save and Limpopo Rivers from Glossina morsitans Westwood.—Proc. Trans. Rhod. scient. Ass. 55, 34–62.Google Scholar
Torr, S. J. (1985). The susceptibility of Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) to insecticide deposits on targets.—Bull. ent. Res. 75, 451–458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1974 a). New field methods for studying the responses of tsetse flies (Diptera, Glossinidae) to hosts.—Bull. ent. Res. 64, 199–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1974 b). The responses of tsetse flies (Diptera, Glossinidae) to mobile and stationary baits.—Bull. ent. Res. 64, 545–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A., Bursell, E. & Hargrove, J. W. (1985). Catching-out the tsetse fly.—Parasitology Today 1, 106–110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vale, G. A. & Hall, D. R. (1985 a). The use of 1-octen-3-ol, acetone and carbon dioxide to improve baits for tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae).—Bull. ent. Res. 75, 219–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A. & Hall, D. R. (1985 b). The role of 1-octen-3-ol, acetone and carbon dioxide in the attraction of tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), to ox odour.—Bull. ent. Res. 75, 209–217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A., Hall, D. R. & Gough, A. J. E. (in press). The olfactory responses of tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), to phenols and urine in the field.—Bull. ent. Res. 78.Google Scholar
Vale, G. A., Hargrove, J. W., Cockbill, G. F. & Phelps, R. J. (1986). Field trials of baits to control populations of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae).—Bull. ent. Res. 76, 179–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G. A., Hursey, B. S., Hargrove, J. W., Torr, S. J. & Allsopp, R. (1984). The use of small plots to study populations of tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae). Difficulties associated with population dispersal.—Insect Sci. Applic. 5, 403–410.Google Scholar
Van Sickle, J. & Phelps, R. J. (1988). Age distributions and reproductive status of declining and stationary populations of Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Zimbabwe.—Bull. ent. Res. 78, 51–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar